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L531F

Category 3/4 — Most DruggableUncertain significanceTransmembrane · predictedSource card
LeucinePhenylalanine at position 531 · Cytoplasmic loop 4 · WFS1 (Wolframin)

Interactive 3D Structure

Wild-type reference
Wild-type L531 — hydrogen bond to G526
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DynaMut2 mutant · L531F
Mutant F531 — hydrogen bond to Y534 lost (3 contacts lost)
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Bond changes · DynaMut2 interaction analysis

3 lost3 gained10 preserved
Interaction typeWild-type partnerMutant partnerStatus
Hydrogen bondG526G526Preserved
Hydrogen bondT527T527Preserved
Hydrogen bondY534Y534Preserved
Hydrogen bondL535L535Preserved
Polar contactG526G526Preserved
Polar contactT527T527Preserved
Polar contactY534Y534Preserved
Polar contactL535L535Preserved
Aromatic / πF515Gained
CarbonylY534Lost
Van der WaalsF515Gained
Van der WaalsT527Lost
Van der WaalsL535Gained
HydrophobicF515F515Preserved
HydrophobicA519Lost
HydrophobicL535L535Preserved

Lost / gained / preserved interatomic contacts at the variant residue, from the DynaMut2 (Arpeggio) interaction analysis of the wild-type and energy-minimized mutant structures.

Computational Predictions

DynaMut2 ΔΔG
-0.73kcal/mol
Destabilising — mild
AlphaMissense
0.602
likely pathogenic
AlphaFold pLDDT
85
model confidence
Schema
Cat 3/4
Category 3/4 — Most Druggable
ΔΔG confidence: Reduced confidence · Transmembrane
  • transmembrane position; predictor benchmarked on soluble proteins

This variant sits in the transmembrane band. The stability value was computed with a predictor benchmarked on water-soluble proteins. Published benchmarks of ddG predictors on membrane proteins report correlation below 0.4. Treat the magnitude as unreliable and the sign as weak evidence only.

Do not rank this value against a variant from a different region on ΔΔG alone.

Clinical Evidence

ClinVar classificationUncertain significance
Review statuscriteria provided, single submitter
Associated conditions
Population frequency (gnomAD v4)Ultra-rare · AF 0.00068%
cDNA changec.1591C>T
ClinVar accessionVCV001991057
Last evaluated2023/11/25 00:00

Observed at very low frequency in gnomAD.

Classified for1★ unverified submission

ClinVar classifies this variant as Uncertain significance, but does not state what it is classified for. ClinVar records no condition for this variant. A classification without a phenotype and an inheritance mode cannot be read as a statement about Wolfram syndrome risk or severity.

  • Phenotype scope is interpretation of submitted records. The computed values on this card (AlphaMissense, DynaMut2 ΔΔG, pLDDT) are measurements of the model, not of a patient.
  • Presentation cannot be generalised from neighbouring variants: one nucleotide over can present very differently. Structural similarity supports a mechanistic hypothesis, never a phenotype claim.

Review status: 1★ single submitter. ClinVar "conditions" is the union of all submissions; 0–1★ entries are submitted conditions, not documented phenotypes.

Population frequency
Global (all ancestries)
AF 0.00068% · 10 / 1,460,260 alleles
Homozygotes
0
Highest-frequency population
South Asian · AF 0.0058%

Highest in South Asian: AF 0.0058% (5 of 86,258 alleles), 8.5x the global figure. The global AF describes the general population, not the at-risk group.

No homozygotes reported in gnomAD v4. For a recessive allele this is expected and is not, on its own, evidence either way.

Ancestry groupAllele freq.AC / ANHom.Carrier est.
South Asian0.0058%5 / 86,2580~1 in 8630
European (non-Finnish)0.00045%5 / 1,111,9960~1 in 111200

Source: gnomAD r4, retrieved 2026-08-21. Values are allele frequencies. The carrier estimate is derived from the allele frequency (Hardy-Weinberg, ~2·AF) and is an approximation, not a published figure — where a published carrier frequency exists it outranks this column and is cited on the card.

Full Variant Card

WFS1 Wolframin — L531F Variant Card

Molecular Atlas Pilot · RareResearch.AI · Generated by wolfram-variant-card skill

Leucine → Phenylalanine at position 531. Cytoplasmic loop 4. ClinVar Uncertain significance, AlphaMissense 0.602, DynaMut2 ΔΔG -0.73 kcal/mol (destabilising).


Identity

FieldValue
VariantL531F (p.Leucine531Phenylalanine)
DNA changec.1591C>T
Gene · ProteinWFS1 · Wolframin (890 aa)
UniProtO76024 · WFS1_HUMAN
ClinVar accessionVCV001991057
Amino acid changeLeucine (L) → Phenylalanine (F)

Structural Context

FieldValue
AlphaFold modelAF-O76024-F1, v6
pLDDT at residue 53184.62 — well-folded
DomainCytoplasmic loop 4
Position contextLoop region · position 531 sits between transmembrane segments, solvent-accessible
IDR flagNo — pLDDT above 50 threshold

UniProt features at this position:

(none catalogued)

Position 531 sits in a connecting loop between transmembrane helices. Loop residues are typically solvent-exposed and often contribute to interhelical contacts or serve as recognition sites for binding partners. The wild-type residue is medium hydrophobic (leucine — branched); the mutant is large aromatic hydrophobic (phenylalanine). The chemistry shift implies altered local packing, hydrogen-bonding, and/or electrostatics at this site.


Computational Predictions

AlphaMissense

FieldValue
am_pathogenicity0.6022
am_classlikely pathogenic
InterpretationLikely pathogenic (threshold 0.564)

DynaMut2

FieldValue
ΔΔG (kcal/mol)-0.73 (Destabilising)
Job ID178092131747
Result URLJob 178092131747 · retrieved 2026-06-08 — result self-hosted by RareResearch.AI (Biosig no longer serves this page)

Clinical Evidence

Inheritance and scope

Uncertain significance — phenotype scope not stated in ClinVar

ClinVar classifies this variant as Uncertain significance, but does not state what it is classified for. ClinVar records no condition for this variant. A classification without a phenotype and an inheritance mode cannot be read as a statement about Wolfram syndrome risk or severity.

Phenotype scope is interpretation of submitted records. The computed values on this card (AlphaMissense, DynaMut2 ΔΔG, pLDDT) are measurements of the model, not of a patient. Presentation cannot be generalised from neighbouring variants: one nucleotide over can present very differently. Structural similarity supports a mechanistic hypothesis, never a phenotype claim.

FieldValue
ClassificationUncertain significance
Review statuscriteria provided, single submitter
Last evaluated2023/11/25 00:00
InheritanceInheritance pattern not specified in ClinVar entry; WFS1 has both AD and AR presentations.
WFS1 variant landscapeL531F is 1 of ~326 pathogenic-spectrum variants in WFS1 (out of 2,243 catalogued in ClinVar)

(no conditions catalogued)


Research Path Decision Tree

ΔΔG < 2  + binding site affected   →  CATEGORY 3 — docking experiments
ΔΔG 2–4                            →  CATEGORY 2 — pharmacological chaperones
ΔΔG > 4                            →  CATEGORY 1 — gene therapy
pLDDT < 50                         →  CATEGORY 5 — IDR, experimental only
Stable fold + functional site hit  →  CATEGORY 4 — site-specific docking

Final Schema Categorization

Category 3/4 — Most Druggable

<strong>Category 3/4 — Most Druggable</strong><br/><br/>|ΔΔG|=0.73 < 2 kcal/mol (fold intact) + AlphaMissense 0.602 confirms functional impact. Specific local contacts disrupted — priority for docking and pharmacological chaperone screening.

Why this card matters. Wolframin's fold survives this substitution (|ΔΔG|=0.73 kcal/mol). The pathogenic signal is real — AlphaMissense places it at 0.602. Protein still folds, but a specific local site is broken. Pharmacological chaperones and small-molecule binders are the rational therapeutic vector.


Files in this folder

  • AF-O76024-F1-model_v6.pdb — AlphaFold structure
  • L531F_molstar_viewer.html — interactive 3D viewer (auto-highlights position 531 with ball-and-stick + neighbors within 5Å)
  • L531F_variant_card.md — this card (source of truth)
  • L531F_variant_card.html — styled printable card
  • L531F_dynamut2_summary.html — clean offline DynaMut2 result card
  • dynamut2_result.json — structured result data
  • dynamut2_result_page.html — local snapshot of the Biosig result page (asset URLs absolutized)
  • L531F_wildtype_interactions.pse / L531F_mutant_interactions.pse — PyMOL sessions

Generated by wolfram-variant-card skill · RareResearch.AI Molecular Atlas Every assumption documented. Every score sourced.

Therapeutic Strategy Handoff · prediction

Feed this card to Wolfram Intelligence

Download the L531F PDF below and upload it to Wolfram Intelligence to generate therapeutic-strategy proposals — guanidinium mimetics, sigma-1 agonist docking, NAC thiol-capping. NAC is already on the bench-testing list.

Download L531F PDF card ↓Strategies are AI-generated predictions, not validated therapeutics.