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c.911_914dup

FrameshiftF1Pathogenic/Likely pathogenicCytoplasmic · predicted
Frameshift variant · frameshift point at position 306 · N-terminal cytoplasmic (intrinsically disordered) · WFS1 (Wolframin)

F1Frameshift, NMD-targeted — null allele

Wild-type vs Translated Product

Wild-type · full length
Full wild-type wolframin · 890 aa — frameshift point at residue 306
Fullscreen ↗
Translated product
Native sequence to residue 305; everything highlighted is non-native (scrambled) or lost
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Left: full-length wild-type wolframin (890 aa) with the frameshift point at residue 306 marked. Right: the same model with the non-native (scrambled) and lost region (residues 306–890) marked — what the frameshift transcript fails to produce as native protein.

Structural / NMD Prediction

Variant type
Frameshift
NMD status
NMD-targeted
high confidence
Schema
F1
Frameshift, NMD-targeted — null allele
Native protein retained
34.3%
PTC at aa 306

Stop codon at position 306 is more than 50 nt upstream of the last exon-exon junction (~aa 413). The 50-nt rule predicts the transcript is degraded by nonsense-mediated decay. No truncated protein is produced; functionally a null allele.

Therapeutic Implication · F1

The frameshift creates a premature termination codon well upstream of the last exon-exon junction; the 50-nt rule predicts the transcript is degraded by nonsense-mediated decay. No frameshifted protein is produced — functionally a null allele. Therapeutic options: (a) translational readthrough drugs (Ataluren/PTC124, aminoglycosides) — notably LESS effective for frameshifts than for nonsense variants, because reading through the PTC still yields out-of-frame protein; (b) gene therapy via allele replacement is the higher-yield path.

Protein Domains

Retained (aa 1–305)
Lost / non-native (downstream)
  • Transmembrane helix 1311331
  • Cytoplasmic loop 1332340
  • Transmembrane helix 2341361
  • Lumenal loop 1362370
  • Transmembrane helix 3371391
  • Cytoplasmic loop 2392400
  • Transmembrane helix 4401421
  • Lumenal loop 2422431
  • Transmembrane helix 5432452
  • Cytoplasmic loop 3453461
  • Transmembrane helix 6462482
  • Lumenal loop 3483496
  • Transmembrane helix 7497517
  • Cytoplasmic loop 4518532
  • Transmembrane helix 8533553
  • Lumenal loop 4554573
  • Transmembrane helix 9574594
  • Cytoplasmic loop 5 / pre-lumenal595599
  • C-terminal ER-lumenal (calcium binding, calmodulin, chaperone)600890

Clinical Evidence

ClinVar classificationPathogenic/Likely pathogenic
Review statuscriteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
Associated conditionsWFS1-related disorder; Cataract 41; Autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 6; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Wolfram syndrome 1; Wolfram-like syndrome
Population frequency (gnomAD v4)Ultra-rare · AF 0.00056%
cDNA changec.911_914dup
ClinVar variantNM_006005.3(WFS1):c.911_914dup (p.Asp305_Met306insTer)
ClinVar accessionVCV000215405
Last evaluated2024/05/01 00:00

Observed at very low frequency in gnomAD.

Classified for2★ documented assertion

ClinVar classifies this variant as Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic for WFS1-related spectrum (unresolved mode) (dominant or recessive); Cataract 41 (autosomal dominant, OMIM 116400); Nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNA6/14/38) (autosomal dominant, OMIM 600965); WFS1-related diabetes (autosomal dominant); Wolfram syndrome (classic) (autosomal recessive, OMIM 222300); Wolfram-like syndrome (autosomal dominant, OMIM 614296). ClinVar records this under a WFS1-spectrum label that spans both disease families — recessive Wolfram syndrome (biallelic) and the dominant WFS1-related disorders. The label does not resolve which applies, and it is not a severity statement.

  • WFS1-related spectrum (unresolved mode)dominant or recessivesubmitted as: WFS1-related disorder
  • Cataract 41autosomal dominant · OMIM 116400submitted as: Cataract 41
  • Nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNA6/14/38)autosomal dominant · OMIM 600965submitted as: Autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 6
  • WFS1-related diabetesautosomal dominantsubmitted as: Type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • Wolfram syndrome (classic)autosomal recessive · OMIM 222300submitted as: Wolfram syndrome 1
  • Wolfram-like syndromeautosomal dominant · OMIM 614296submitted as: Wolfram-like syndrome
  • Phenotype scope is interpretation of submitted records. The computed values on this card (AlphaMissense, DynaMut2 ΔΔG, pLDDT) are measurements of the model, not of a patient.
  • Presentation cannot be generalised from neighbouring variants: one nucleotide over can present very differently. Structural similarity supports a mechanistic hypothesis, never a phenotype claim.

Review status: 2★ multiple submitters, no conflicts. ClinVar "conditions" is the union of all submissions; 0–1★ entries are submitted conditions, not documented phenotypes.

Population frequency
Global (all ancestries)
AF 0.00056% · 9 / 1,613,980 alleles
Homozygotes
0
Highest-frequency population
Remaining individuals · AF 0.0032%

Highest in Remaining individuals: AF 0.0032% (2 of 62,484 alleles), 5.7x the global figure. The global AF describes the general population, not the at-risk group.

No homozygotes reported in gnomAD v4. For a recessive allele this is expected and is not, on its own, evidence either way.

Ancestry groupAllele freq.AC / ANHom.Carrier est.
Remaining individuals0.0032%2 / 62,4840~1 in 15620
European (non-Finnish)0.00059%7 / 1,179,9980~1 in 84290

Source: gnomAD r4, retrieved 2026-08-21. Values are allele frequencies. The carrier estimate is derived from the allele frequency (Hardy-Weinberg, ~2·AF) and is an approximation, not a published figure — where a published carrier frequency exists it outranks this column and is cited on the card.

Therapeutic Strategy Handoff · prediction

Feed this card to Wolfram Intelligence

Download the c.911_914dup card below and upload it to Wolfram Intelligence to generate therapeutic-strategy proposals matched to this F1 frameshift variant and its domain context.

Full Variant Card

c.911_914dup — WFS1 Molecular Atlas Card

Variant type: Frameshift Frameshift point: residue 306 Predicted premature stop (PTC): residue 306 Domain context (where the frame breaks): N-terminal cytoplasmic (intrinsically disordered)


Schema category: F1 — Frameshift, NMD-targeted — null allele

The frameshift creates a premature termination codon well upstream of the last exon-exon junction; the 50-nt rule predicts the transcript is degraded by nonsense-mediated decay. No frameshifted protein is produced — functionally a null allele. Therapeutic options: (a) translational readthrough drugs (Ataluren/PTC124, aminoglycosides) — notably LESS effective for frameshifts than for nonsense variants, because reading through the PTC still yields out-of-frame protein; (b) gene therapy via allele replacement is the higher-yield path.


Premature-stop prediction

  • Frameshift point: aa 306
  • Predicted PTC: aa 306 (0 codons downstream of the frame break)
  • Method: deterministic translation of edited NM_006005.3 CDS (frameshift position = first changed residue, HGVS convention)
  • Confidence: high

NMD prediction

  • Status: NMD-targeted
  • Confidence: high
  • Reasoning: Stop codon at position 306 is more than 50 nt upstream of the last exon-exon junction (~aa 413). The 50-nt rule predicts the transcript is degraded by nonsense-mediated decay. No truncated protein is produced; functionally a null allele.

Protein consequence

  • Native (wild-type) sequence retained: aa 1 – 305 (34.3% of full-length protein)
  • Non-native scrambled stretch: aa 306 – 305 (0 residues of out-of-frame sequence)
  • Lost beyond the PTC: aa 306 – 890 (585 residues)

Native domains retained (upstream of the frameshift)

(no domains fully retained)

Domain interrupted at the frameshift point

  • N-terminal cytoplasmic (intrinsically disordered) — native aa 1–305 retained; aa 306–310 replaced by non-native sequence

Native domains downstream of the frameshift (lost or non-native)

  • Transmembrane helix 1 (aa 311–331)
  • Cytoplasmic loop 1 (aa 332–340)
  • Transmembrane helix 2 (aa 341–361)
  • Lumenal loop 1 (aa 362–370)
  • Transmembrane helix 3 (aa 371–391)
  • Cytoplasmic loop 2 (aa 392–400)
  • Transmembrane helix 4 (aa 401–421)
  • Lumenal loop 2 (aa 422–431)
  • Transmembrane helix 5 (aa 432–452)
  • Cytoplasmic loop 3 (aa 453–461)
  • Transmembrane helix 6 (aa 462–482)
  • Lumenal loop 3 (aa 483–496)
  • Transmembrane helix 7 (aa 497–517)
  • Cytoplasmic loop 4 (aa 518–532)
  • Transmembrane helix 8 (aa 533–553)
  • Lumenal loop 4 (aa 554–573)
  • Transmembrane helix 9 (aa 574–594)
  • Cytoplasmic loop 5 / pre-lumenal (aa 595–599)
  • C-terminal ER-lumenal (calcium binding, calmodulin, chaperone) (aa 600–890)

Clinical evidence

Inheritance and scope

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic — for WFS1-related spectrum (unresolved mode) (dominant or recessive); Cataract 41 (autosomal dominant, OMIM 116400); Nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNA6/14/38) (autosomal dominant, OMIM 600965); WFS1-related diabetes (autosomal dominant); Wolfram syndrome (classic) (autosomal recessive, OMIM 222300); Wolfram-like syndrome (autosomal dominant, OMIM 614296)

ClinVar classifies this variant as Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic for WFS1-related spectrum (unresolved mode) (dominant or recessive); Cataract 41 (autosomal dominant, OMIM 116400); Nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNA6/14/38) (autosomal dominant, OMIM 600965); WFS1-related diabetes (autosomal dominant); Wolfram syndrome (classic) (autosomal recessive, OMIM 222300); Wolfram-like syndrome (autosomal dominant, OMIM 614296). ClinVar records this under a WFS1-spectrum label that spans both disease families — recessive Wolfram syndrome (biallelic) and the dominant WFS1-related disorders. The label does not resolve which applies, and it is not a severity statement.

Phenotype scope is interpretation of submitted records. The computed values on this card (AlphaMissense, DynaMut2 ΔΔG, pLDDT) are measurements of the model, not of a patient. Presentation cannot be generalised from neighbouring variants: one nucleotide over can present very differently. Structural similarity supports a mechanistic hypothesis, never a phenotype claim.

  • Classification: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic
  • Review status: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
  • Associated conditions: WFS1-related disorder; Cataract 41; Autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss 6; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Wolfram syndrome 1; Wolfram-like syndrome
  • cDNA change: c.911_914dup
  • ClinVar accession: VCV000215405
  • Last evaluated: 2024/05/01 00:00
  • Submissions: 1

Why this variant matters

The frame breaks early enough that the premature stop is caught by nonsense-mediated decay — the transcript is degraded before any out-of-frame protein accumulates. That makes this, in effect, a clean null allele: the atlas points the therapeutic conversation at gene replacement, and notes that readthrough drugs are a weaker fit here than for true nonsense variants because reading through the stop still yields scrambled protein.


Card generated by wolfram-atlas-batch skill (v2 — frameshift pipeline) on 2026-06-08T02:17:13.827307Z. NMD rule and schema definitions: reference/nmd_rules.md, reference/card_schema_extension.md. CDS reference: NM_006005.3 (171..2843). WFS1 reference: UniProt O76024, AlphaFold model v6.